Whirl spray nozzle



June 19, 1956 w WAHLIN ET AL 2,751,252

WHIRL SPRAY NOZZLE Filed DEC. 14, 1953 II'VVENTORS. 4 Fred 81/. Z/l/(z 7754 n and E'dw rd 1 O'Brien fl g m y- WHIRL SPRAY NOZZLE Fred W. Wahlin, Kane County, and Edward J. OBrien,

Bellwood, Ill., assignors to Spraying Systems Co., Bellwood, 11]., a corporation of Illinois Application December 14, 1953, Serial No. 397,891

7 Claims. (Cl. 299-114) This invention relates to spray nozzles of the type having vanes therein by which the liquid supplied therethrough to the nozzle discharge orifice has a whirling movement imparted thereto to produce a wide conical or an umbrella shaped spray, the invention having reference more particularly to the construction and arrangement of the vanes.

Heretofore in such nozzles it has been customary to employ whirl imparting vanes which extend so completely across the nozzle chamber that substantially all of the liquid was diverted thereby and there was substantially no direct flow through the nozzle.

Thus in such previous nozzles substantially the entire flow through the nozzle was in a circuitous manner and by reason thereof, the volume capacity of the nozzle was greatly diminished. Moreover, the vanes in such previous nozzles usually divided the stream into separate parts as it passed through the vaned area and this stream separation had a tendency to be reflected at the orifice in some non-uniformity of flow at circumferential places around the stream with corresponding effect on uniformity of spray. Also, the vane facilities centrally of stream fiow had a tendency to cause such displacement centrifugally that the volume centrally of the issuing stream was insufficient for full or desired proportionate volume at that place.

The principal objects of this invention are, to provide an improved nozzle of the type wherein vanes are employed to impart whirling movement to the spray discharge; to increase the volume capacity of such nozzles and insure greater perfection of spray pattern; to produce the required whirling of the liquid by vanes which are restricted to a limited area of cross section of the passageway through the nozzle and permit a large portion of the liquid to fiow directly therethrough to the nozzle orifice; to distribute the vanes around the stream in a manner to insure desired balance and uniformity of stream flow at the orifice; to permit the vanes to be made as an integral part of the nozzle; and in general to simplify such nozzles and improve the operation thereof, these and other objects being accomplished as pointed out more particularly hereinafter and as shown in the accompanying drawing, in which:

Fig. 1 is a side view of a nozzle containing the improvements of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a view looking at the entrance end of the nozzle of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a central longitudinal sectional view of the nozzle taken on the lines 3-3 of Figs. 1 and 2 and looking in either direction therefrom; and

Fig. 4 is a central longitudinal sectional view of the nozzle taken on the lines 44 of Figs. 2 and 3 and looking in either direction therefrom.

Referring to the drawing, the nozzle comprises a body 10 having a substantially cylindrical chamber 11 therein which is open at one end, hereinafter referred to as the entrance end, and converges at the other end, as indicated at 12, to a relatively small central circular orifice opening nited States Patent Patented June 19, 1956 13 through which liquid passing through the chamber 11 is discharged in a spray stream. This nozzle is securable at its entrance end to a pipe or other facilities through which liquid is supplied to the nozzle and the body 10 may have, at the entrance end thereof, external threads 14 for this purpose.

In accordance with this invention a circular series of vanes is provided in the chamber 11, each of which has at least a portion thereof which extends in the direction of circularly of the series, inclined or sloped toward the orifice end of the nozzle so as to impart to the liquid flowing thereagainst from the entrance end of the nozzle, a whirling movement around the longitudinal axis of the chamber.

These vanes are arranged so that they extend across only a portion of the cross sectional area of the chamber so as to leave a considerable portion of that area unobstructed and thereby permit direct flow of liquid, at that unobstructed place, from the nozzle entrance to the discharge orifice thereof, this unobstructed place being preferably central of the chamber with the vanes serially disposed therearound so that the path of direct flow is in line with the orifice 13.

In accordance with the above, the cylindrical chamber 11 is provided with a peripheral series of vanes therein, preferably four, two of which are indicated by the refer ence numerals 15 and two of which are indicated by the reference numerals 16, the two vanes 15 being respectively at diametrically opposite sides of the chamber 11 and the two vanes 16 being respectively at diametrically opposite sides of the chamber 11 in quarter turn relation to the vanes 15. The two vanes 15 are alike and the two vanes 16 are alike. These vanes 15 and 16 extend inwardly from the surrounding side wall of the nozzle only part way to the central axis of the nozzle chamber 11 so as to leave a large central opening, which is indicated at 17 in Fig. 2, around which the vanes extend and which is unobstructed thereby so that liquid may flow directly and freely through said central opening 17 from the nozzle entrance to the nozzle orifice 13.

Each vane 15 has a flange 18, preferably of thesame width as the vane, extending from the corresponding end thereof to the entrance end of the nozzle and which said flanges are arranged respectively at diametrical opposite sides of the chamber 11 and extend lengthwise of the nozzle for the purpose of steadying the stream and preventing rotation thereof before it reaches the area of the vanes, and each vane 15 extends in a corresponding peripheral direction (counterclockwise as shown in Fig. 2) from the inner end of the respective flange 18.

Each vane 15 and 16 extends approximately one fourth of the peripheral distance around the chamber 11 and at least a portion of the peripheral length of each is correspondingly sloped toward the orifice end of the nozzle so that the ends of the vanes 15 at which the flanges 18 are located and the corresponding ends of the vanes 16 are nearest to the entrance end of the nozzle than the other ends thereof and the adjoining ends of consecutive vanes are staggered in the direction the nozzle,

in said Figs. 3 and 4.

The vanes 15 and 16 may slope from end to end if desired and may be supplied in any desired manner, but it is preferred to form them as an integral part of the i:

nozzle body 10 in a molding operation by which it is preferred to make the nozzle, and, accordingly, it is preferred to shape the vanes 15 and 16, and also the flanges 18, in a manner compatible with convenient molding procedure in making the nozzle.

To this end each vane 15 is formed at the end thereof from which the flange 18 extends, with a short portion 21 in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the nozzle and a portion 22 immediately there-beyond which slopes toward the orifice end of the nozzle and immediately beyond this portion 22 the vane has a relatively long portion 23 which is continued to the end of the vane in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the nozzle, and all said portions of the vane 15, and of the flanges 18 as well, extend perpendicularly inward toward a central plane coincident with the section line 3-3 of Fig. 2.

In like manner, the vanes 16 are formed with all portions thereof extending perpendicularly inward to that same aforesaid central plane coincident with the section line 3-3, but they differ from the vanes 15 in the respect that each has a long portion 24, which is similar to the long portions 23 of the vanes 15, but located at the end of the vane 15 nearest to the entrance end of the nozzle and immediately beyond the portion 24 is a portion 25 which slopes toward the orifice end of the nozzle and immediately beyond which is a short end portion 26 which is closer to the orifice end of the nozzle than it is to the entrance end thereof. Thus it will be observed that the long portions 24 of the vanes 16 are closer to the entrance end of the nozzle than the portions 26 thereof, whereas it is the shorter portions 21 of the vanes 15 that are closer to the entrance end of the nozzle and the longer portions 23 are more remote therefrom.

In making the above described nozzle by a molding operation, a two part flask may be employed in which a two part cavity is formed, corresponding to the exterior shape of the nozzle, and in which a core is locatable which corresponds to the interior shape of the nozzle as is well known in the molding art.

Because of the particular shape and arrangement of the vanes 15 and 16 and of the flanges 18, the core may be readily made in a two part mold which parts along the central longitudinal plane of the section line 3-3 of Fig. 2 as all portions of the vanes 15 and 16 and of the flanges 18 project inwardly toward the parting plane of the two part mold as shown in Fig. 3, and it is to be understood that the vanes 15 and 16 and the flanges 18 and the portions of the core mold corresponding thereto will be provided with suitable taper toward the central plane of the section line 3-3 of Fig. 2 to provide necessary draw for the core molding operation.

With the above described nozzle the peripheral portion of the stream of liquid flowing through the chamber 11 has a high rate of whirl imparted thereto by the vanes and by reason of the arrangement and distribution of the vanes reaches the orifice with uniformity of volume at all places around the axis of whirling movement.

On the other hand, the central portion of the stream of liquid flowing through the chamber flows in a direct path to the nozzle orifice without interference and thereby furnishes ample volume to supply any central scarcity or void at the orifice which the peripheral whirl tends to produce, while at the same time sufiicient whirl is imparted to the direct flowing central portion of the stream to insure desired spread and distribution thereof as it is projected beyond the orifice.

While the invention is shown and described in a preferred form, various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the principles of the invention, the scope of which is to be determined by the following claims.

What is claimed is:

1. A spray nozzle comprising a body having a chamber therein with an entrance thereto at one end and a spray discharge orifice at the other end, said chamber having a circular series of vanes therein which are interposed in the path of flow from the entrance to the discharge orifice and each of which said vanes is sloped in the direction of circularity of said series toward the discharge orifice end of the chamber to impart to liquid flowing through the said chamber whirling movement around the longitudinal axis of the chamber, said vanes extending across only a part of the cross sectional area of the chamber and being arranged consecutively around a central portion of said area which provides a direct, unobstructed path of flow from the entrance to the discharge orifice, said vanes being integral with said body and projecting inwardly therefrom throughout their length substantially perpendicularly toward one and the same central longitudinal plane of the chamber.

2. A spray nozzle comprising a body having a chamber therein with an entrance thereto at one end and a spray discharge orifice at the other end, said chamber having a circular series of more than two separate vanes therein which are interposed in the path of flow from the entrance to the discharge orfice and each of which said vanes is sloped in the direction of circularity of said series toward the discharge orifice end of the chamber to impart to liquid flowing through the said chamber whirling movement around the longitudinal axis of the chamber, said vanes extending across only a part of the cross sectional area of the chamber and being arranged consecutively around a central portion of said area which provides a direct, unobstructed path of flow from the entrance to the discharge orifice, said vanes being integral with said body and projecting inwardly therefrom throughout their length substantially perpendicularly toward one and the same central longitudinal plane of the chamber.

3. A spray nozzle comprising a body having a chamber therein with an entrance thereto at one end and a spray discharge orifice at the other end thereof, said chamber having therein a series of circumferentially extending vanes which are interposed in the path of flow from the entrance to the discharge orifice and conjointly extend around and define a central unobstructed zone which is substantially concentric with the axis of the spray discharge orifice, each said vane having consecutive circumferentially extending portions of the length thereof disposed at an angle to one another and respectively in a plane substantially perpendicular to said axis and in a plane oblique to said axis.

4. A spray nozzle comprising a body having a chamber therein with an entrance thereto at one end and a spray discharge orifice at the other end thereof, said chamber having therein a series of circumferentially extending vanes which are interposed in the path of flow from the entrance to the discharge orifice and conjointly extend around and define a central unobstructed zone which is substantially concentric with the axis of the spray discharge orifice, each said vane having consecutive circumferentially extending portions of the length thereof disposed at an angle to one another and respectively in a plane substantially perpendicular to said axis and in a plane oblique to said axis, and wherein said planes of all of the vanes are perpendicular to one and the same central longitudinal plane of the chamber.

5. A spray nozzle comprising a body having a chamber therein with an entrance thereto at one end and a spray discharge orifice at the other end thereof, said chamber having therein a series of circumferentially extending vanes which are interposed in the path of flow from the entrance to the discharge orifice and conjointly extend around and define a central unobstructed zone which is substantially concentric with the axis of the spray discharge orifice, said vanes having portions of the circumferential length thereof lying in a plane perpendicular to said axis and other portions of the circumferential length thereof lying in a plane oblique to said axis and wherein all of said planes are perpendicular to one and the same central longitudinal plane of the chamber.

6. A spray nozzle comprising a body having a chamber therein with an entrance thereto at one end and a spray discharge orifice at the other end thereof, said chamber having therein a series of circumferentially extending vanes which are interposed in the path of flow from the entrance to the discharge orifice and conjointly extend around and define a central unobstructed zone which is substantially concentric with the axis of the spray discharge orifice, said vanes having opposite end portions of the circumferential length thereof lying respectively in two spaced apart parallel planes substantially perpendicular to said axis and said vanes having intermediate portions of the circumferential length of adjoining vanes lying in spaced apart parallel planes oblique to said axis, and wherein all of said planes are perpendicular to one and the same central longitudinal plane of the chamber.

7. A spray nozzle comprising a body having a chamher therein with an entrance thereto at one end and a 15 spray discharge orifice at the other end thereof, said chamber having therein a series of circumferentially extending vanes which are interposed in the path of flow from the entrance to the discharge orifice and conjointly extend around and define a central unobstructed zone which is substantially concentric with the axis of the spray discharge orifice, each said vane having consecutive circumferentially extending portions of the length thereof at an angle to one another and disposed respectively in a plane substantially perpendicular to said axis and in a plane oblique to said axis, and wherein the said planes of all of the vanes are perpendicular to one and the same central longitudinal plane of the chamber, each of at least two of said vanes having flange extensions at the corresponding ends thereof which extend directly toward the entrance of the chamber in planes perpendicular to said central longitudinal plane.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 727,305 Davis May 5, 1903 1,309,596 Parker July 8, 1919 1,893,210 Rider Jan. 3, 1933 2,587,140 Gorshkoff Feb. 26, 1952 FOREIGN PATENTS 112,984 Australia May 8, 1941 

